Like so many here, 30-06 was my first centerfire rifle. Still have it. Bought new one last Summer and killed a deer with it already. Mine likes 165, 178, 180 and 190 grain bullets so far. So it shoots a lot of ammo really well. Used 165 to crush the deer. 30-06 hits with authority.
It is true this is a long range forum, but since this will be your first time hunting, you will probably be wise to limit yourself to shooting at a range within your own confidence. If you make a good shot in the "Boiler Room" area, you don't have to worry about the 30-06 lacking power or penetration. It will lay critters on the ground. Just make sure you shoot the front and not the back and you will have a dead critter most likely in less than 50 yards.