Common factory cartridges with 1000 # @ 1000 yds
257 Wby, 308, 30-06, 270Win etc good to 800yds
264 Win to 900+yds
270 Wby 1000yds
7mm Rem., Wby , STW, & RUM
300Win, 300Wby, 300 RUM, 30-378
338 L, RUM, WBY
Probably forgot a few, Maybe some of the new short mags might make it.
Basically to get to 900/1000yds with deer killing energy you are into "magnums" with large cases burning lots of powder and long heavy bullets. You are also into reloading to get those bullet and to get the accuracy.
There is no free ride. All of this comes with reduced barrel life, increased recoil, increased weight, increased costs. Mostly it comes with lots and lots of practice.
These are just the factory rounds and probably not all of them. If you are new to shooting in general then you might want to give very serious considration to the 800yd cartridges. They are easier to work with and have been tried and proven, they just do not have the exact range you specified. Once you are comfortable to 800 yds then you can rebarrel or get a new gun in a larger capacity case.
For under 900 there are many people who like the 308 and it is known to be accurate. For Over 900 the 300Win has a huge fan club and is known to be accurate.
In the end it is your money and it is you that has to be happy.