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Long Range Hunting & Shooting
Can switching muzzle brakes change muzzle velocity??
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<blockquote data-quote="fiftybmg" data-source="post: 1232110" data-attributes="member: 96316"><p>I believe it can, and I expect it to happen.</p><p></p><p>I'm not an expert in anything, but I've noticed a few things. This needs some explanation, so please be patient.</p><p></p><p>I once met a fellow rifle shooter who was a manufacturing engineer. </p><p></p><p>He told me that rifle recoil is not due to the projectile exiting the muzzle, it is a result of escaping gas. The recoil impulse is equal and opposite to the gas exiting the muzzle only.</p><p></p><p>He discovered this for himself when he had a shoulder injury and couldn't shoot his rifle, and so had to miss a hunting trip. Being a tinkerer, he looked at ways to reduce recoil, so he drilled holes in the last 2 inches of barrel before the crown, perpendicular to the bore axis, to see what would happen. Testing off his uninjured shoulder, his felt recoil was reduced, and he drilled more holes, reducing recoil to the point where he was able to shoot his rifle off his injured shoulder. </p><p></p><p>I laughed a him. I doubted him. I did a bit of reading. Now I'm not so sure he was wrong. </p><p></p><p>Muzzle brakes divert gas from exiting the muzzle crown. This has the effect of reducing felt recoil. If the muzzle brake does not divert gas from exiting the crown, the recoil effect is not reduced. The more gas is diverted from following the bullet out of the end of the muzzle, the less recoil is felt.</p><p></p><p>Why does muzzle velocity reduce when the muzzle brake is changed ? </p><p></p><p></p><p>If a muzzle break is on a barrel that is just optimal length, where combustion is nearly complete before the bullet exits the crown, changing the brake will change the point at which the gas begins to exit, changing the pressure generated in the barrel, which will change the velocity.</p><p></p><p>Bullet velocity is proportional to the amount of gas generated by the powder. Less burn means less velocity. In long barrels, it is possible for powder to completely combust before the the bullet has exited the muzzle. Then the extra inches only serve to put drag on the bullet, reducing velocity. </p><p></p><p>The scientific method to verify this would be to plot velocity against barrel length for a given load, and progressively reduce the barrel length. And it has been done, Google for it.</p><p></p><p></p><p>To explore the theory of gas causing recoil, not bullet weight or bullet velocity, Youtube for some super slow videos on a shot being taken. You will see that the recoil impulse begins not only after the bullet has exited the barrel, but only when the gas is exiting. The period between the exiting of the bullet to the exiting of the gas shows no recoil impulse. </p><p></p><p>If the recoil was due to the laws of conservation of momentum of the bullet, recoil has to begin after the primer ignites, because the bullet can't move faster than the laws of physics.</p><p></p><p>These observations imply that the most efficient form of muzzle brake is one that is barrel integral. This means that the rifling continues through the "brake" section - holes are drilled in the barrel perpendicular to the bore, in the grooves of the rifling, leaving the lands intact. If the holes are not perpendicular, there will be a velocity component of the gas producing recoil along the bore axis.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="fiftybmg, post: 1232110, member: 96316"] I believe it can, and I expect it to happen. I'm not an expert in anything, but I've noticed a few things. This needs some explanation, so please be patient. I once met a fellow rifle shooter who was a manufacturing engineer. He told me that rifle recoil is not due to the projectile exiting the muzzle, it is a result of escaping gas. The recoil impulse is equal and opposite to the gas exiting the muzzle only. He discovered this for himself when he had a shoulder injury and couldn't shoot his rifle, and so had to miss a hunting trip. Being a tinkerer, he looked at ways to reduce recoil, so he drilled holes in the last 2 inches of barrel before the crown, perpendicular to the bore axis, to see what would happen. Testing off his uninjured shoulder, his felt recoil was reduced, and he drilled more holes, reducing recoil to the point where he was able to shoot his rifle off his injured shoulder. I laughed a him. I doubted him. I did a bit of reading. Now I'm not so sure he was wrong. Muzzle brakes divert gas from exiting the muzzle crown. This has the effect of reducing felt recoil. If the muzzle brake does not divert gas from exiting the crown, the recoil effect is not reduced. The more gas is diverted from following the bullet out of the end of the muzzle, the less recoil is felt. Why does muzzle velocity reduce when the muzzle brake is changed ? If a muzzle break is on a barrel that is just optimal length, where combustion is nearly complete before the bullet exits the crown, changing the brake will change the point at which the gas begins to exit, changing the pressure generated in the barrel, which will change the velocity. Bullet velocity is proportional to the amount of gas generated by the powder. Less burn means less velocity. In long barrels, it is possible for powder to completely combust before the the bullet has exited the muzzle. Then the extra inches only serve to put drag on the bullet, reducing velocity. The scientific method to verify this would be to plot velocity against barrel length for a given load, and progressively reduce the barrel length. And it has been done, Google for it. To explore the theory of gas causing recoil, not bullet weight or bullet velocity, Youtube for some super slow videos on a shot being taken. You will see that the recoil impulse begins not only after the bullet has exited the barrel, but only when the gas is exiting. The period between the exiting of the bullet to the exiting of the gas shows no recoil impulse. If the recoil was due to the laws of conservation of momentum of the bullet, recoil has to begin after the primer ignites, because the bullet can't move faster than the laws of physics. These observations imply that the most efficient form of muzzle brake is one that is barrel integral. This means that the rifling continues through the "brake" section - holes are drilled in the barrel perpendicular to the bore, in the grooves of the rifling, leaving the lands intact. If the holes are not perpendicular, there will be a velocity component of the gas producing recoil along the bore axis. [/QUOTE]
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Can switching muzzle brakes change muzzle velocity??
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