It depends on a lot of things.
There are various models of lethality, all of them contested so it's hard to put exact numbers on it.
To give you a very rough basic idea, you can count on about 800 yards for animals weighing around 150 lb (more for heavier bullets, less for lighter)
500 yards for 300 lb animals
200 yards for 600 lb animals
These rough numbers are based on Matunas' Optimal Game Weight (OGW) formula, which is just one of the available lethality models. Matunas' OGW model is based on a combination of kinetic energy and momentum of the bullet in relation to the size of the animal. (see:
Book)
Of course bullet construction/terminal performance is a key factor, and, above all, shot placement. You
can kill a moose at 1000 yards with a 6.5-284 if you shoot it straight thru the heart. You can also
not kill a deer at 50 yards if you don't hit it in the vitals.
I realize this doesn't answer your question specifically, but death simply can't be calculated.
Take care,
-Bryan